HENRY LEE ADAMS, JR., District Judge.
This Case is before the Court on Defendant's Motion for Summary Judgment (Dkt. 19). Plaintiff has filed a response to the motion and Defendant has filed a reply.
Plaintiff Robert Tucker has an adult daughter, Stacey Tucker, who has several credit card accounts which have not been paid. Stacey Tucker lived with Robert Tucker for about 12 months at some point, probably in the last two to three years. (Tucker Depo. at 6-7).
One of Ms. Tucker's outstanding accounts was placed with Defendant CBE for collection in January of 2009. Shortly thereafter, CBE ran a Lexis Nexis Accurint for Collections search (Accurint) to locate a current telephone number for Ms. Tucker. An Accurint search uses an individual's unique personal identifiers (i.e. birth date and Social Security number) to pull information from various public and private databases in order to obtain a current telephone number for a particular individual. Because the search produced the same telephone number as that used by Plaintiff, CBE attempted to contact Ms. Tucker at that number. Those calls serve as the basis for Plaintiff's allegations in this case.
CBE has produced records showing it made fifty-seven calls to the relevant number but did not make more than seven calls on any given day. Defendant left six identical voice messages for Ms. Tucker during the relevant time period but never called the number back the same day after leaving a voice message. The voice messages stated the following:
At his deposition, Plaintiff Robert Tucker stated he understood from the voice messages that CBE was calling Stacey Tucker and knew that it was trying to collect a debt from her, not from him. (Tucker Depo. at 17). He also stated that he knew he was not responsible for debts owed by his daughter. (Id. at 18). Although not entirely clear, it appears Mr. Tucker never actually spoke to a CBE representative.
Defendant produced evidence that if it knew the relevant number was not a valid number for Ms. Tucker, it would have removed the number from its records and ceased further calls.
Plaintiff's complaint was filed under the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA),
Plaintiff seeks statutory damages, actual damages, costs, fees, and a declaratory judgment.
Summary judgment is proper "if the pleadings, the discovery and disclosure materials on file, and any affidavits show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law." Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(c). Issues are genuine if a reasonable jury could find for the nonmovant and facts are material if they can affect the outcome. Scottsdale Ins. Co. v. Cutz, LLC, 543 F.Supp.2d 1310, 1313 (S.D.Fla.2007) (citing Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986)).
The moving party bears the initial burden of stating the basis for its motion and identifying those portions of the record demonstrating the absence of genuine issues of material fact. Once the moving party has discharged its burden, the nonmoving party must designate specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue of material fact. All doubt as to the existence of a genuine issue of material fact must be resolved against the moving party. Id. The Court may not weigh the credibility of the parties on summary judgment. Id.
Plaintiffs Complaint maintains that Defendant violated Sections 1692e(2)(A), 1692e(10), and 1692f(1) by attempting to collect a debt he did not owe. However, as Defendant notes, Plaintiff acknowledged that the voice messages explicitly stated that they were intended for his daughter, Stacey Tucker. (Tucker Depo at p. 2). Further, Plaintiff testified that he knew that Defendant was not attempting to collect a debt from him. (Id. at p. 9).
In addition, Defendant notes that Plaintiff fails to identify any false representation that CBE made, as required to prove a violation of Section 1692e(2)(A) and 1692e(10) of the FDCPA. Nor has Plaintiff identified any deceptive means used by CBE, as needed to prove a violation of Section 1692e(10). Plaintiff also fails to explain how the volume of relevant calls demonstrates a violation of these Sections.
The Court finds that CBE's voice messages clearly identified Stacey Tucker as the intended recipient of the messages and were otherwise factually accurate. Plaintiff has failed to identify any false representation or deceptive means used by CBE in an attempt to collect a debt. The Court finds that Plaintiff has failed to demonstrate any violation of the three Sections of the FDCPA listed previously. Section 1692d(5)-causing a phone to ring repeatedly and continuously with the intent to annoy, abuse, and harass.
As to Section 1692d(5) of the FDCPA, Plaintiff alleges that Defendant violated this Section by noting the frequency of the calls. Joseph v. J.J. Mac Intyre Companies, LLC., 238 F.Supp.2d 1158, 1168-69 (N.D.Cal.2002) (volume and pattern of calls created issue of fact as to Section 1692d(5) claims). Plaintiff also cites Kuhn v. Account Control Tech., Inc., 865 F.Supp. 1443, 1453 (D.Nev.1994) (granting summary judgment in plaintiffs favor on Section 1692d(5) claim based on timing of calls).
The Court notes that Plaintiffs cited cases are factually distinguishable from the instant case. In Joseph, the Defendant collection agency made more than 200 calls over a nineteen month period despite the fact that Plaintiff had begun making $50 monthly payments towards her debt. The Court also noted that many of the calls in Joseph were made shortly after voice contact in which plaintiff requested the calls cease. In Kuhn, the Court found the collector harassed Plaintiff in violation § 1692d(5) when, after Plaintiff hung up on a prior call, Defendant recalled Plaintiffs place of employment two additional times within a five minute period. Kuhn, 865 F.Supp. at 1453.
In sum, Plaintiff has not demonstrated that CBE engaged in oppressive conduct such as repeatedly making calls after it was asked to cease. Notably, Defendant never even spoke to Plaintiff; Defendant was not notified that it could not reach Stacey Tucker at the relevant telephone number and Plaintiff did not request that CBE cease calling.
While the number of calls made during the relevant time period does seem somewhat high, Defendant only left a total of six messages, made no more than seven calls in a single day, and did not call back the same day after leaving a message. The evidence demonstrates that CBE placed each of its telephone calls with an intent to reach Stacey Tucker rather than an intent to harass Plaintiff.
Thus, the circumstances here do not constitute a violation of Section 1692d(5) as a matter of law. Because the Court finds
As to Section 1692(g), Plaintiff concedes he is not a consumer and thus this Count is dismissed.
As to the declaratory judgment requested, Plaintiff admits the request was improper and therefore withdraws it.
The Court need not examine other portions of Plaintiffs prayer for relief because the Court has determined that Defendant did not violate the FDCPA.
Defendant argues that Plaintiff and his attorneys brought this case in bad faith and for the purpose of harassment without any basis for the Complaint's allegations. Defendant notes the following, inter alia :(1) Plaintiffs deposition testimony clearly contradicts the Complaint's three separate allegations that CBE was attempting to collect a debt from him; (2) it appears that Plaintiff allowed the telephone calls to accumulate specifically for the purpose of filing this lawsuit; (Tucker Depo. at 11-12, 23)
More important, despite the fact that Plaintiffs Complaint alleges five different violations of the FDCPA, Plaintiff only had one legally plausible claim, that Defendant caused Plaintiffs telephone to ring repeatedly and continuously with the intent to annoy, abuse and harass, a violation of § 1692d(5) of the FDCPA. Indeed, it appears that the rest of the Complaint is comprised of boilerplate allegations and requests for types of relief that could not possibly apply to the instant case.
What is especially troubling is that Plaintiffs counsel failed to dismiss any of these claims when it became clear during discovery that they had no factual basis whatsoever, forcing Defendant to file a summary judgment motion.
28 U.S.C. Section 1927, in full, provides, "Any attorney or other person admitted to conduct cases in any court of the United States or any Territory thereof who so multiplies the proceedings in any case unreasonably and vexatiously may be required
Rule 11, Fed.R.Civ.P., requires a plaintiff to certify that "to the best of [his] knowledge, information, and belief" his or her "factual contentions have evidentiary support." Fed.R.Civ.P. 11(b).
"[T]hree types of conduct warrant Rule 11 sanctions: (1) when a party files a pleading that has no reasonable factual basis; (2) when the party files a pleading that is based on a legal theory that has no reasonable chance of success and that cannot be advanced as a reasonable argument to change existing law; and (3) when the party files a pleading in bad faith for an improper purpose." Anderson v. Smithfield Foods, Inc., 353 F.3d 912, 915 (11th Cir.2003). The standard for testing conduct under Rule 11 is reasonableness under the circumstances. Id.
Further, "[sanctions are warranted when a party exhibits a deliberate indifference to obvious facts, but not when the party's evidence to support a claim is merely weak.]" Riccard v. Prudential Ins. Co., 307 F.3d 1277, 1294 (11th Cir. 2002)
Rule 11 obligations are not measured solely at the time of filing because a party or counsel has a continuing obligation to advise the court of any changes regarding the veracity of information before the court. Attwood v. Singletary, 105 F.3d 610, 613 (11th Cir.1997) (per curiam). As stated by the Eleventh Circuit, "[w]hen it becomes apparent that discoverable evidence will not bear out the claim, the litigant and his attorney have a duty to discontinue their quest." Avirgan v. Hull, 932 F.2d 1572, 1582 (11th Cir.1991).
Here, the Court finds that Plaintiff and his attorney multiplied the proceedings in this case unreasonably and vexatiously and exhibited a deliberate indifference to obvious facts. Indeed, Plaintiff verified a claim with multiple allegations that contradicted his own deposition testimony.
Further, when it become apparent that discoverable evidence would not bear out the majority of the Complaint's claims, Plaintiff and his attorney failed in their duty to discontinue their quest. In sum, the discovery in this case, namely Plaintiffs own deposition testimony, demonstrated that CBE did not falsely represent the character, amount, or legal status of a debt, did not use false and deceptive means in an attempt to collect a debt, did not attempt to collect a debt that was not authorized by an agreement and did not fail to provide appropriate notice of the debt. Instead, it appears that Plaintiff simply signed another boilerplate Complaint regarding the calls he is receiving from multiple creditors regarding his daughter's debts.
Even more troubling, Plaintiff's counsel, an officer of the Court, filed a complaint wherein a majority of the allegations had no basis in fact and then failed to dismiss any of these allegations, or requests for relief, until a summary judgment motion was filed.
Accordingly, the Court finds that Defendant is entitled to recover attorneys fees from Plaintiff and his attorney for work done on all of the claims in this case with the exception of the claim under Section 1692d(5)(causing a phone to ring repeatedly and continuously with the intent to annoy, abuse, and harass). If Defendant is not able to break down its fees in this way, it will be entitled to recover five-sevenths of the reasonable fees incurred to defend this case; four of the five alleged violations of the FDCPA were wholly without merit and the declaratory judgment request also lacked merit.
Defendant's Motion for Summary Judgment (Dkt.19) is
As noted by Defendant, it appears that Plaintiff filed more than fifteen nearly identical lawsuits in 2009 alone.
Courts have interpreted the least sophisticated consumer standard in a way that protects debt collectors from liability for unreasonable misinterpretations. The least sophisticated consumer can be presumed to possess a "rudimentary amount of information about the world." Johnson v. NCB Collection Services, 799 F.Supp. 1298, 1306-07 (D.Conn.1992) Here, even if Plaintiff did not admit that he knew CBE was not attempting to collect a debt from him, the Court would find that he failed to prove a violation of the relevant Sections. This is because the least sophisticated consumer would not have believed that he was legally obligated to pay a debt incurred by his daughter as a result of Defendant's voice messages.